Development Of Proposed Non-Structural Flood Mitigation Plan in City of San Fernado, Pampanga

Abstract

Flooding continues to be one of the major concerns in the City of San Fernando, Pampanga, particularly during extreme weather events. This study aims to develop a comprehensive non-structural flood mitigation plan to reduce flood risks and enhance community resilience in seven selected barangays. To assess hydrologic and hydraulic behavior, simulations were conducted using HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS simulation, considering a 100-year return period. The discharge for the entire watershed used in HEC-HMS modeling was 97.7 m3/s. These simulations allowed the study for a more accurate understanding of flood depths and extents within each barangay. A mixed-method approach was applied for the flood risk assessment, which included both quantitative scoring and qualitative data collection. Risk scoring was based on four key categories: flood depth risk, infrastructure analysis, community awareness, and inventory resources, which were designed to reflect the overall vulnerability of each barangay. Barangays Del Pilar, Juliana, San Nicholas, and San Pedro were identified as moderate risk, while San Felipe, San Jose, and Santa Lucia were classified as low risk. Additionally, qualitative interviews with local officials provided valuable insights for drafting the proposed non-structural flood mitigation plan. Overall, the study demonstrates that non-structural measures, when grounded in technical analysis and community input, can offer effective, sustainable solutions for urban flood management.